In the rolling hills and fertile valleys of Rwanda, trees are playing a crucial role in the fight against climate change and poverty. Agroforestry—the practice of growing trees alongside crops—has been part of Rwanda’s farming life for many years. But until now, there has been little word on how well these trees are faring. A new study sheds light on the survival rates of different tree species across the country, offering fresh hope and guidance for farmers.

The findings show that, overall, the survival rate of agroforestry trees in Rwanda stands at 64%. The highlands see the best results, with trees surviving at a rate of 67%. Lower altitudes aren’t far behind at 61%, but the middle hills seem to pose the toughest challenges, with a survival rate of just 56%. Exotic species, those from foreign lands, seem to have a stronger hold, thriving at a rate of 68%, while native trees lag behind, with a survival rate of only 56%.

Some trees, like Grevillea robusta and Polyscias fulva, are better suited to higher and mid-altitudes, while Croton megalocarpus finds its footing in the lower lands. Despite these insights, the middle-altitude areas remain a tough place for trees to take root.

The study also uncovers practices that are working well. Farmers who use contour hedgerows—trees planted along the curves of the land—scatter trees across fields, or grow trees in home gardens, are seeing positive results. These practices help to keep the soil rich, prevent erosion, and boost local wildlife, while offering farmers a steady source of income.

But challenges remain. Many trees are not planted in the right places, or are not cared for properly. Poor-quality seedlings, pests, and a lack of community involvement in the planning stages all lead to weaker survival rates.

The report calls for better matching of trees to the land’s needs. Trees should be chosen with the altitude and climate in mind. Better seedlings and ongoing support for farmers will also make a difference. The experts suggest more training for farmers and stronger ties with local communities. They also urge the planting of more native fruit trees, as these are well-suited to local conditions.

The study also suggests that improving nursery management and pest control will help trees to grow strong and healthy. In the long run, agroforestry has great potential to help the environment and improve the lives of many rural families. By picking the right trees and caring for them properly, Rwanda can reap the benefits of a greener, more sustainable future.

Dr. NSENGUMUREMYI Concorde, Director General of Rwanda Forestry Authority, believes that these steps will lead to a brighter future for both the land and its people. "We have the knowledge and the tools to make agroforestry thrive in Rwanda. Now, it’s time to put that into action," he says.

For further details please visit: www.rfa.rw/publication